S715.1    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1869. The Malay Archipelago: The land of the orang-utan, and the bird of paradise. A narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature. London: Macmillan and Co. Volume 1.   Text   Image   PDF

just below the summit, where an overhanging rock forms a convenient shelter, and a little basin collects the trickling water. Here we put down our loads, and in a few minutes more stood on the summit of Mount Ophir, 4,000 feet above the sea. The top is a small rocky platform covered with rhododendrons and other shrubs. The afternoon was clear, and the view fine in its way ranges of hill and valley everywhere covered with interminable forest, with glistening rivers winding among them. In a distant

S728    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1903. Man's place in the universe; a study of the results of scientific research in relation to the unity or plurality of worlds. London: Chapman & Hall.   Text   Image   PDF

sun would be sometimes too great and sometimes too little. In some parts of Africa, Australia, and India, the sandy soil becomes so hot that an egg can be cooked by placing it just below the surface. On the other hand, at an elevation of about 12,000 feet in lat. 40 it freezes every night, and throughout the day in all places sheltered from the sun. Now, both these temperatures are adverse to life, and if either of them persisted over a considerable portion of the earth, the development of life

S127    Periodical contribution:     Wallace, A. R. 1867. On the Pieridae of the Indian and Australian regions. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (ser. 3) 4 (part III): 301-416, pls. 1-4.   Text   Image   PDF

dusky black above. This (with several other species) has been described by both Vollenhoven and Felder, in works dated the same year, but as that of Vollenhoven was first published and sold, I have been obliged to adopt his names. 32. Terias celebensis, n. sp. (Pl. VI. fig. 1, .) Male. Above, black, with a suborbicular yellow patch extending from near the costa of the upper wings to just below the cell of the lower wings, twice sinuated towards the apex of the uppers, elsewhere regularly curved

S714    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1853. Narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, with an account of the native tribes, and observations on the climate, geology, and natural history of the Amazon valley. London: Reeve & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

return with him. Senhor L. lent me a small canoe; and my two hunters, one of whom lived there, accompanied me. I took with me plenty of ammunition, a great box for my birds, some salt, hooks, mirrors, knives, etc., for the Indians, and left Gu a early one morning. Just below the village we turned into the river Isanna, a fine stream, about half a mile wide, and in the afternoon reached the mouth of the small river Cob ti (fish), on the south side, which we entered. We had hitherto seen the banks

S714    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1853. Narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, with an account of the native tribes, and observations on the climate, geology, and natural history of the Amazon valley. London: Reeve & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

considerable quantities, the articles most coveted in return being fishhooks and red beads, of both of which I had a large stock. Just below the fall, the river is not more than two or three hundred yards wide; while above, it is half a mile, and contains several large islands. The large black pacu was abundant here, and, with other small fish, was generally brought us in sufficient quantity to prevent our recurring to fowls, which are considered by the traders to be the most ordinary fare a man can

S714    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1853. Narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, with an account of the native tribes, and observations on the climate, geology, and natural history of the Amazon valley. London: Reeve & Co.   Text   Image   PDF

Rio Negro in general contain very little mica; in some places however that mineral is abundant, and exists in large plates. Veins of pure quartz are common, some of very great size; and numerous veins or dykes of granite, of a different colour or texture. The direction of these is generally nearer east and west, than north and south. Just below the falls of the Rio Negro are some coarse sandstone rocks, apparently protruding through the granite, dipping at an angle of 60 or 70 south-southwest

S715.1    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1869. The Malay Archipelago: The land of the orang-utan, and the bird of paradise. A narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature. London: Macmillan and Co. Volume 1.   Text   Image   PDF

than anything else, and it was impossible to free myself without assistance. When restless, it would struggle about with its hands up in the air trying to find something to take hold of, and, when it had got a bit of stick or rag in two or three of its hands, seemed quite happy. For want of something else, it would often seize its own feet, and after a time it would constantly cross its arms and grasp with each hand the long hair that grew just below the opposite shoulder. The great tenacity

S715.2    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1869. The Malay Archipelago: The land of the orang-utan, and the bird of paradise. A narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature. London: Macmillan and Co. Volume 2.   Text   Image   PDF

batu-angas (burnt rock). Just below my house is the fort, built by the Portuguese, below which is an open space to the beach, and beyond this the native town extends for about a mile to the north-east. About the centre of it is the palace of the Sultan, now a large untidy, half-ruinous building of stone. This chief is pensioned by the Dutch Government, but retains the sovereignty over the native population of the island, and of the northern part of Gilolo. The sultans [page]

S731.1    Book:     Wallace, A. R. ed. 1908. Richard Spruce. Notes of a botanist on the Amazon and Andes. London: Macmillan & Co. Volume 1.   Text   Image   PDF

great request for masts. When the bark of an Icica is wounded, a white milk flows slowly out and coagulates just below the wound, which does not heal up quickly as in most milky trees, but continues to distil for several months or even years. The Indians, therefore, when they come across these trees in the forest, gash them with their ter ados, in order that, when they revisit them some time afterwards, they may find a good lump of resin accumulated. Breo branco is brought to market, either in

S731.2    Book:     Wallace, A. R. ed. 1908. Richard Spruce. Notes of a botanist on the Amazon and Andes. London: Macmillan & Co. Volume 2.   Text   Image   PDF

June 18. We slept in a chacra (shed) just below the worst fall, called Yurac-yacu (white water), because the water here bursts into foam over rocks strewed in the river at a narrow curve. An hour farther there is another similar mal paso (called Curi-yacu), where a stream comes in on the left bank, said to contain gold. Some way below Chasuta we passed, on the left bank, a considerable ravine with still black water called Yanac na-y cu (Ladder River), from its running over steps in its upper

S135    Periodical contribution:     Wallace, A. R. 1868. A catalogue of the Cetoniidae of the Malayan Archipelago, with descriptions of the new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (ser. 3) 4 (part V): 519-601, pls. XI-XIV.   Text   Image   PDF

small dots; scutellum elongate, deeply punctured; elytra flat, very coarsely and deeply rugose-striate, a spot on the suture just below the scutellum, one on the humeral angle, and one just above the apical angle with a smaller spot within it, black; beneath, the sternum squamulated with black, and a black spot on each side; abdomen coarsely punctured, with a lateral row of spots, and a median double row, that in the last two segments confluent, black; antennæ, tarsi, and tips of the tibiæ black

S718.1    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1876. The geographical distribution of animals; with a study of the relations of living and extinct faunas as elucidating the past changes of the Earth's surface. London: Macmillan & Co. Volume 1.   Text   Image   PDF

temperate China and Manchuria, except in the extreme west towards Cashmere, where the Mediterranean fauna will in like manner intervene. On a map of sufficiently large scale, therefore, it would be necessary to extend our present sub-region westward along the Himalayas, in a narrow strip just below the upper limits of forests. It is evident that the large number of Fringillidæ, Corvidæ, Troglodytidæ, and Paridæ, often of south Palæarctic forms, that abound in the higher Himalayas, are somewhat out of

S721[2d]    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1892. Island life: or, the phenomena and causes of insular faunas and floras, including a revision and attempted solution of the problem of geological climates. Second and revised edition. London and New York: Macmillan and Co.   Text   PDF

. The most wonderfully restricted ranges are, however, to be found among the humming-birds of tropical America. The great volcanic peaks of Chimborazo and Pichincha have each a peculiar species of humming-bird confined to a belt just below the limits of perpetual snow, while the extinct volcano of Chiriqui in Veragua has a species confined to its wooded crater. One of the most strange and beautiful of the humming-birds (Loddigesia mirabilis) was obtained once only, more than forty years ago

S727.1    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1900. Studies scientific and social. London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd. And New York: The Macmillan Co. Volume 1.   Text   Image   PDF

represented by one handsome and two small and rather scarce species; campanulas are scarce, and pinks are entirely absent; while buttercups and meadow-rues are by no means abundant. Instead of these flowers so familiar to the Alpine tourists, the most showy and widespread plants are the fine and long-spurred blue-and-white columbine, and the scarlet or crimson-bracted castilleias, which form sheets of beautifully contrasted colours, often covering wide mountain slopes either above or just below the

S729.1    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1905. My life: A record of events and opinions. London: Chapman & Hall. Volume 1.   Text   Image   PDF

, and being thus heaped up and obliged to flow away at right angles to its former course. But the most remarkable and interesting of the natural phenomena of the upper valley is Porth-yr-Ogof (the gateway of the cavern), where the river Mellte runs for a quarter of a mile underground. The entrance is under a fine arch of limestone rock overhung with trees, as shown in the accompanying photograph. The outlet is more irregular and less lofty, and is also less easily accessible; but the valley just

S037    Periodical contribution:     Wallace, A. R. 1857. On the Great Bird of Paradise, Paradisea apoda, Linn.; 'Burong mati' (Dead Bird) of the Malays; 'Fanéhan' of the natives of Aru. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (ser. 2) 20 (120): 411-416.   Text   Image   PDF

did not observation of the living bird prove it) that this is the natural position of the long plumes. They all spring from an oval fold of the skin, about an inch in length, situated just below the elbow or first joint of the wing. On this point they turn as on a hinge, and admit only of being laid down closed beneath the wing, or erected and expanded in the manner described, which position they take of their own accord, if the bird is held up by the legs, with the head inclining a little

S441.2    Periodical contribution:     Wallace, A. R. 1891. English and American flowers, II. Flowers and forests of the Far West. Fortnightly Review (n.s.) 50 (300): 796-810.   Text   Image

we found the moss campion (Silene acaulis), which is abundant on the Scotch and Welsh mountains. The next morning we fortunately determined to explore a lateral valley called Grizzly Gulch, which diverged to the north a mile above the hotel and led into a fine upland valley on the north side of Gray's Peak. Here, just below the timber-line, we found a [page] 80

S720    Book:     Wallace, A. R. ed. 1879. Australasia. Stanford’s compendium of geography and travel: based on Hellwald’s ‘Die Erde und ihre Völker’. Edited and extended by Alfred R. Wallace, F.R.G.S., Author of the ‘Malay Archipelago,’ ‘Geographical distribution of animals,’ etc. With Ethnological appendix by A.H. Keane, M.A.I. London: Edward Stanford (Stanford's Compendium of Geography and Travel).   Text   Image   PDF

boundary, at the junction of the Dumaresq and Macintyre rivers. 99. STURT. South-west. Joins Nicholson and Waradgery counties. Lies north of the Murrumbidgee, about 100 miles from its mouth. 100. TAILA. South-west, on Victoria boundary, just below the confluence of the Lachlan and Murray rivers. 101. TARA. South-west corner of the colony, on the Murray river, below the confluence of the Darling. 102. TOWNSEND. South, on Victoria boundary, midway between the coast and the western boundary of the

S729[2d]    Book:     Wallace, A. R. 1908. My life: A record of events and opinions. New edition, condensed and revised. London: Chapman & Hall.   Text   PDF

. Immediately above these, at a height of perhaps ten or twelve feet, a long cylindrical beam was continually revolving with fixed beams on each side of it, both higher up and lower down. At regular intervals along the counter were great upright wooden stampers shod with iron at the bottom. When not in action these were supported so that they were about two feet above the counter, and just below them was a square hole. As we looked on a man would take a small canvas sack about two feet long, fill